Chapter 9

 

Solar system and our Earth 

 

Science, Class 4

                             Questions 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10

 PTBB, Pakistan 2023  SLO's Topics covered in questions 



Chapter 9 Solar system and our Earth, science, class 4,



Question:1

Describe and demonstrate the Solar System with the Sun at the center and the planets revolving around the Sun?

Answer:

The sun is center of the Solar System. The closest star to Earth is the Sun. Solar System consists of all the planets which revolves around the Sun. The first planet that revolves closest to the Sun is Mercury. After it, the Planets are Venus, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune, respectively.


Question:2

Describe that the Sun as a source of heat and light for the Solar System?

Answer:

The Sun is the biggest source of light and heat for our Earth. In fact, life on the Earth exists due to the Sun. The Sun,  luminous ball of hot plasma, serves as the radiant heart of our Solar System. Through the process of nuclear fusion, it emits an immense amount of heat and light, sustaining life on Earth and energizing other planets. Its powerful gravitational pull maintains the orbits of celestial bodies, while its continuous outpour of energy shapes, making the Sun an essential source of warmth and illumination for all its planetary companions.


Question:3

Define Moon of the Earth and it's shapes during month?


Answer:


The brightest object appearing in the sky after the Sun is the Moon. It is a natural satellite of the Earth. Moon completes one revolution around the Earth in about 29.5 days. We see the Moon almost in a new shape everyday. Does the Moon have the same shape all the time? What does the Moon of Eid-ul-Fitr look like? On that day, what is the date of the lunar month? Sometimes, we see a very thin Moon which is called crescent. Sometimes we see a complete Moon which is called Full Moon(badar). Among all celestial bodies, Moon is the closest to the Earth. It is at distance of about 384,000 km from the Earth. The size of Moon is much smaller than that of Earth. Its diameter is about 3500 km.

 Question:4

Describe that Earth's daily rotation about its axis?

Answer:

Our Earth not only revolves in its orbit around the Sun but it also rotates about its own axis. The axis is an imaginary line that passes through the north and south poles of the Earth.

It is day in the part of the Earth, which is in front of the Sun. While it is night in the other part which is opposite to the Sun. The Earth completes one rotation around its axis in 24 hours.

 Question:5

Provide evidence of Earth's rotation from the changing appearance of shadows during the day?

Answer:

During Earth's axial rotation the Sun appears to rise un that part of the Earth that comes in front of the Sun. At this time, we see long shades of the trees and other objects. As the Earth keeps rotating, the shadows  gradually decrease in size. At noon, the shadow of any object is the smallest in size. On further rotation of the Earth, the size of shadows gradually increase in opposite direction. Just before the sunset, the shadows again become long as they were in the morning.

Question:6

Describe how seasons in Earth's Northern and Southern hemispheres are related to Earth's annual movement around the Sun?

Answer:


The revolution of the Earth around the Sun is called orbital motion. The path of Earth's revolution around the Sun is almost circular. The Earth completes one revolution around the Sun in about 365 days. This period is called one year. The Earth's axis is titled towards one side. Due to it, the Sun rays fall vertically t the Northern hemisphere of the Earth. Therefore, the duration of the day increases and that of the night decreases. Hence, it is summer season in the Northern hemisphere. During the same time, the southern hemisphere of the Earth receives slanting Sun rays. Therefore, in this part, duration of the day decreases and that of night increases and it is winter there.

Question:7

How solar eclipse occurs?

Answer:

Sometimes. during its rotation around the Earth. the Moon comes between the Earth and the Sun. In this condition, the Sun is hidden behind the Moon and is not visible from the Earth. A shadow of the Moon falls on the Earth. It is called Solar eclipse.


How solar eclipse occurs?
How solar eclipse occurs?



Question:7

How Lunar eclipse occurs?

Answer:


During the rotation of the Moon around the Earth, sometimes the Earth comes between the Earth comes between the Sun and the Moon. Due to it, the Sunlight does not reach the Moon. Therefore, a shadow of the Earth is formed on the Moon and it looks dark. This is called lunar eclipse.

How Lunar eclipse occurs?
How Lunar eclipse occurs?



Question:8

We can see only one side of the Moon. Explain.

Answer:

Moon also rotates about its own axis. The duration in which it completes one trip around the Earth, it also completes one rotation around its own axis. That is why we can see only the same one half of the surface of the Moon. We never see the other half.




Question:9   

 If there were no tilt in the Earth's axis, how would it have affected the seasons?

Answer:


Without axial tilt, the following effects would be observed


  1. No Seasonal Changes:
  2. Stable Climate Zones: 
  3. No Harvest Timing: 
  4. Different Ecological Patterns: 
  5. Cultural and Societal Changes:

Question: 10

When it is winter in the northern hemisphere then what will be the season in the southern hemisphere?


Answer;

There will be summer in the southern hemisphere.

Question: 11

Which planet is closest to the Sun?

Answer:

Mercury is the planet closest to the Sun in our solar system.


Question: 12

Why is the solar eclipse usually partial?

Answer:

A solar eclipse is usually partial because of the way the shadows are cast by the Earth and the Moon.


Question: 13

Write the names of planet as shown in the picture?

Answer:

Write the names of planet as shown in the picture?
Write the names of planet as shown in the picture?


Answer:

1. Mercury

2. Venus

3. Earth

4. Mars

5. Jupiter

6. Saturn

7. Uranus

8. Neptune

Question: 14

Why is there no life on Moon?

Answer:

Moon has no atmosphere. There is no water on the Moon. That is why, there is no life exists there.

Question: 15

How are day and night formed?

Answer:

Day and night are formed due to rotation of the Earth around its axis.

Question: 16

Why does the Moon change its shape?

Answer:

As the Moon orbits Earth, different parts are illuminated by the Sun, causing the observed changes in its appearance.

Question: 17

Where do the stars go in the daytime?

Answer:

Stars are still in the sky during the daytime, but the Sun's brightness overwhelms their light, making them invisible to our eyes until nighttime.


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