Chapter 5 science

 Forms of energy and energy transfer

 Class 4, Questions 11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20 and short questions                                                PTBB, Pakistan 2023  SLO's Topics covered in questions 

Question : 11

Describe and Demonstrate that electrical energy in a circuit can be transformed into other forms of energy ( heat, light, sound)?

Answer:


Electrical energy in a circuit can be transformed into various other forms of energy through different devices. For instance, when electricity flows through a resistor, it encounters resistance, causing the electrical energy to be converted into heat energy.

Similarly, light energy can be generated by passing electricity through certain materials, such as in an incandescent light bulb or an LED.

Sound energy can also be produced from electrical energy using devices like speakers. The electric signal is converted into mechanical vibrations, causing the speaker cone to move and generating sound waves in the air.

Question : 12


Explain  and provide reasoning that a simple electric circuit requires a complete electrical pathway?




Answer:

The path of the current is called an electric circuit. Let's make a simple electric circuit.

1. Fix a torch bulb in a holder.

2. Use metal wires to join the bulb with a cell or battery and the switch as shown in the diagram.

3. Turn the switch "ON". Does the bulb light up?

4. Now, turn the switch "OFF". Why does the bulb not remain lighted?

When the switch is turned "ON", the path pf the electric circuit is complete and the bulb is lighted.

Question : 13

Can light, sound and heat travel through space?

Answer:

Light can travel through space but Sound and heat can not travel. They need a medium to travel or pass in space.

Question : 14

If sound can not travel in space, how do the astronauts talk with each other?


Answer:

Sound cannot travel through space When astronauts communicate with each other in space, they use radio communication systems.

Question : 15

How do we sense the buzzing of mosquito?

Answer:

When a mosquito flaps its wings rapidly, it creates pressure waves in the surrounding air. These pressure waves travel through the air as sound waves. When the sound waves reach our ears, they cause our eardrums to vibrate.


Question : 16

Into which two forms is the electrical energy transformed in a television?

Answer:

Light Energy: The transformation of electrical energy into light energy is a crucial process in modern televisions

Sound Energy: The transformation of electrical energy into sound energy occurs in the television's speakers. 

Question : 17

When can we see a rainbow? How is it formed?

Answer:

After rain, some drops of water are suspended in the air. When the sunlight passes through droplets of water, It divides into seven colors which is called rainbow.

Short Question


Question : 18

Which energy does the sail-boat use?

Answer:

A sailboat primarily uses wind energy to propel itself through the water. 

Question : 19

From where do plants get energy to do work?

Answer:

Plants get their energy to do work primarily from sunlight through a process called photosynthesis.

Question : 20

How can we get energy from water?

Answer:

We can get energy from water through hydropower. By harnessing the flow or falling of water, turbines convert its  energy into electricity.

Question :21

From where do the vehicles get energy?

Answer:

Vehicles get energy from fuels like gasoline or diesel. The combustion of these fuels in engines produces power to move the vehicle forward.

Question :22

Which energy runs a ceiling fan ?

Answer:

A ceiling fan typically runs on electrical energy. When connected to a power source, the electric motor in the fan converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.

Question :23

Which energy is changed into hydroelectricity?

Answer:

Hydroelectricity is generated by converting the potential energy of water into electrical energy.

Question :24

How does sound produce when we speak?

Answer:

When we speak, the vocal cords present in our throat vibrate and produce sound.

Question :25

Why do we can not hear explosions of sun?

Answer:

Sound can not travel in space. This is the reason we can cot hear the sound of explosions in the sun.

Question :26

How bats catch their prey in dark?

Answer:

Bats use echoes to catch its prey in dark. By using the echoes of its sound, bat finds its way in dark to reach the prey.

Question :27

Why does the hot tea become cold after some time?

Answer:

Hot tea becomes cold over time due to a process called heat transfer. Heat naturally moves from hot objects to cooler surroundings until the temperature becomes balanced.

Question :28

Why should not we use energy unnecessarily?

Answer:

The natural resources of energy are limited. Therefore, we should use the energy wisely.

Question :29

Define electric circuit?

Answer:

The path of current is called electric circuit.


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